Tablets, injections

Cefotaxime syrup instructions for use. International nonproprietary name. General information about the medicine: composition, release form, sale

Manufacturer: Arterium (Arterium) Ukraine

PBX code: J01DA10

Farm group:

Release form: Liquid dosage forms. Injection.

General characteristics. Compound:

Cefotaxime sodium salt, sterile in terms of cefotaxime - 1 g.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. The drug Cefotaxime is close in chemical nature to cephalosporin antibiotics of the first and second generations, however, its structural features ensure its high activity against gram-negative bacteria and resistance to the action of beta-lactamases produced by them. The drug has a bactericidal effect. It has a wide spectrum of action, including against microorganisms that are resistant to other cephalosporins and penicillin antibiotics. Active against gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., including those producing beta-lactamases, Streptococcus spp., with the exception of group D), against gram-negative microorganisms (Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp., in including K. рneumoniae, Moraxella spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, Proteus spp.), to anaerobic microorganisms (Fusobacterium spp., Veillonella spp.). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Helicobacter pylori, Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium difficile are inconsistently sensitive to the action of the drug.
Group D streptococci, Listeria spp. are resistant to the drug. and methicillin-resistant staphylococci.

Pharmacokinetics. When administered intramuscularly, the drug is rapidly absorbed: its peak concentration in the blood plasma is observed 30 minutes after injection. The bactericidal concentration in the blood remains for more than 12 hours. The drug penetrates well into body tissues and fluids; found in effective concentrations in pleural, peritoneal and synovial fluids. The half-life of the drug is 1-1.5 hours. It is excreted in significant quantities in the urine unchanged (about 30%) and in the form of active metabolites (about 20%). Partially excreted in bile. In patients with renal failure and in the elderly, the half-life of the drug increases by approximately 2 times. Taking the drug Cefotaxime-KMP for 14 days at a dose of 1 g every 6 hours does not lead to significant accumulation of the drug in the body.

Indications for use:

Treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to it:
- infections of the bronchopulmonary system (bronchitis);
- meningitis;
- infections of the ear, nose and throat;
- urinary tract and kidney infections;
- gynecological infections;
- infections of the skin, soft tissues, bones and joints, abdominal cavity;
- acute uncomplicated.
In surgical practice, the drug Cefotaxime is used to reduce the risk of postoperative infections, especially during operations of the gastrointestinal tract and urological operations.

Important! Get to know the treatment

Directions for use and dosage:

Cefotaxime is administered intramuscularly or intravenously (stream or drip). For intramuscular injection, dissolve 1 g of the drug Cefotaxime in no less than 3 ml of sterile water for injection. Injected deep into the gluteal muscle. For intravenous bolus administration, dissolve 1 g in no less than 4 ml of sterile water for injection. Inject slowly over 3-5 minutes. For intravenous drip administration, dissolve 2 g of the drug in 100 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution and administer over 50-60 minutes. The prepared solutions are stable for up to 24 hours when stored in a refrigerator (4-6 °C) and 12 hours at a temperature not exceeding 23 °C. The yellowish-amber color of the finished solution does not affect the effectiveness and safety of the antibiotic. The usual dose of Cefotaxime for adults and children over 12 years of age is 1 g every 12 hours. In severe cases, the dose is increased to 2 g every 12 hours or the number of injections is increased to 3-4 times a day, bringing the total daily dose to a maximum of 12 g. The usual daily dose for newborns and young children is 50-100 mg/kg body weight, which is divided into separate doses with intervals between them of 12 to 6 hours. For premature babies, the daily dose should not exceed 50 mg/kg. In case of renal dysfunction, the dose is reduced. With initial anuria (creatinine clearance - 5 ml/min), the dose is usually reduced by half.

Features of application:

Use with caution in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillins or other allergens. If necessary, the use of Cefotaxime-KMP by a woman who is breastfeeding, breastfeeding should be discontinued, since Cefotaxime-KMP passes into breast milk. There are no data on the nephrotoxicity of Cefotaxime, however, in patients with severe renal impairment, the dosage of the drug should be determined by the degree of kidney damage. Caution should be observed when treating patients with a history of gastrointestinal diseases. Like other cephalosporins, cefotaxime may cause a positive direct Coombs test result. When determining the level of glucose in urine using the recovery method, false positive results may be obtained. To avoid this, an enzymatic method should be used. Studies have not revealed any adverse effects of Cefotaxime on the fetus, however, it is recommended to prescribe the drug to pregnant women with caution. Cefotaxime-KMP does not affect the ability to drive a car or use other mechanical means.

Side effects:

Possible allergic reactions, increased liver test results, alkaline phosphatase levels, and nitrogen content in the urine. Irritation at the injection sites and increased body temperature may develop.

Interaction with other drugs:

Cefotaxime, when used simultaneously with indirect anticoagulants, acts synergistically. Antibiotics - aminoglycosides and diuretics enhance the nephrotoxic properties of the drug. The Cefotaxime solution is incompatible with solutions of other antibiotics in the same syringe or dropper.

Contraindications:

The use of Cefotaxime is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to drugs of the cephalosporin group. Caution should be exercised if you have hypersensitivity to penicillins (possibility of allergic reactions).

Overdose:

When using the drug in high doses, there is a risk of reversible symptoms. There is no specific antidote. Treatment is symptomatic.

Storage conditions:

Store out of reach of children, protected from light at a temperature of 15 °C to 25 °C. Shelf life - 2 years.

Vacation conditions:

On prescription

Package:

1 g in bottles. 10 bottles in a pack.

In this medical article you can familiarize yourself with the drug Cefotaxime. The instructions for use will explain in what cases you can take injections in ampoules, what the medicine helps with, what are the indications for use, contraindications and side effects. The annotation presents the forms of release of the drug and its composition.

In the article, doctors and consumers can only leave real reviews about Cefotaxime, from which one can find out whether the medicine has helped in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases in adults and children, for which it is also prescribed. The instructions list analogues of Cefotaxime, prices of the drug in pharmacies, as well as its use during pregnancy. Dilution (with water or novocaine) and the effect of the antibiotic.

An antibacterial drug from the group of third-generation cephalosporins is Cefotaxime. Instructions for use indicate that injections in 500 mg and 1 g injection ampoules have a bactericidal effect and have a detrimental effect on gram-negative bacteria.

Release form and composition

The drug Cefotaxime is available in powder form for the preparation of a solution and its subsequent intramuscular and intravenous administration. The powder is white with a slight yellow tint and is available in clear glass bottles in a cardboard box with a detailed description of the characteristics.

Each bottle of the drug contains 1 g of the active ingredient - cefotaxime in the form of sodium salt.

pharmachologic effect

Cefotaxime is an effective third-generation cephalosporin antibacterial drug. By slowing down the synthesis of the bacterial cell membrane, there is a pronounced bactericidal effect. The antibiotic is active against such gram-negative bacteria as: Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Escherichia coli., Serratia spp., Providencia spp., Proteus mirabilis.

Some strains of Pseudomonas spp. and Haemophilus influenzae. The above-mentioned antibiotic is less active against Streptococcus spp., Neisseria meningitidis, Bacteroides spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Staphylococcus spp. The instructions indicate that this product is resistant to most beta-lactamases.

Indications for use

What does Cefotaxime help with? Injections are prescribed for infectious diseases. Indications for the use of the drug for pathology of the respiratory system:

abscesses;
pleurisy;
bronchitis;
pneumonia.

The medication is actively used for:

Lyme disease;
infections of soft tissues and bones;
bacterial meningitis;
endocarditis;
septicemia;
postoperative complications.

The antibiotic Cefotaxime is prescribed for diseases of the throat, nose, ear, kidneys, and urinary tract.

Instructions for use

Cefotaxime is administered intravenously (stream or drip (in a dropper) and intramuscularly.

For uncomplicated infections, as well as for urinary tract infections - 1 g IM or IV every 8-12 hours.

For uncomplicated acute gonorrhea - intramuscularly in a dose of 1 g once.

For moderate infections - IM or IV 1-2 g every 12 hours. For severe infections, for example, meningitis - IV every 4-8 hours, maximum daily dose -12 g. Duration of treatment installed individually.

In order to prevent the development of infections before surgery, it is administered during induction of anesthesia in a single dose of 1 g. If necessary, the administration is repeated after 6-12 hours.

For caesarean section - at the moment of applying clamps to the umbilical vein - intravenously at a dose of 1 g, then 6 and 12 hours after the first dose - an additional 1 g.

Premature and newborns under 1 week of age - IV at a dose of 50 mg/kg every 12 hours; at the age of 1-4 weeks - IV at a dose of 50 mg/kg every 8 hours.

Children weighing ≤50 kg - IV or IM (children over 2.5 years old) 50-180 mg/kg in 4-6 injections. In case of severe infections (including meningitis), the daily dose when prescribed to children is increased to 100-200 mg/kg, IM or IV for 4-6 injections, the maximum daily dose is 12 g.

Rules for preparing injection solutions

For intravenous injection: 1 g of the drug is diluted in 4 ml of sterile water for injection; the drug is administered slowly over 3-5 minutes.

For intravenous infusion: 1-2 g of the drug is diluted in 50-100 ml of solvent. The solvent used is 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% dextrose (glucose) solution. Duration of infusion - 50 - 60 minutes.

For intramuscular administration: 1 g is dissolved in 4 ml of solvent. Water for injection or a 1% solution of lidocaine (novocaine) is used as a solvent.

Contraindications

The drug has a number of contraindications, so before starting therapy, carefully read the included instructions. Cefotaxime injections should not be given if the patient has one or more conditions:

pregnancy;
drug intolerance;
acute renal failure;
kidney and liver diseases accompanied by impaired organ function;
age up to 14 years for intravenous administration;
children under 2 years of age for intramuscular administration;
cases of severe allergic reactions to penicillins or cephalosporins.

The drug is prescribed with caution to women during breastfeeding, as well as to persons with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract caused by taking antibiotics.

Side effects

According to reviews, Cefotaxime causes the following adverse reactions:

Allergies: eosinophilia, skin rash and itching. According to reviews, Cefotaxime may in rare cases cause Quincke's edema.
Urinary system: interstitial nephritis.
Digestive system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice, pseudomembranous colitis, transient increase in the activity of liver transaminases.
Hematopoietic system: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, neutropenia (only with long-term use of Cefotaxime in high dosages).
Blood coagulation system: hypoprothrombinemia.
Local adverse reactions: with intravenous administration - phlebitis, with intramuscular administration - pain at the injection site.

In addition, according to reviews, Cefotaxime can cause candidiasis due to the chemotherapeutic effect of the drug.

Children, pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug should not be used in the first trimester of pregnancy. According to indications, Cefotaxime can be prescribed in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. If it is necessary to take medication during lactation, breastfeeding should be stopped.

In childhood

The drug should be administered with caution to newborns.

special instructions

In the first weeks of treatment, pseudomembranous colitis may occur, manifested by severe, prolonged diarrhea. In this case, stop taking the drug and prescribe adequate therapy, including vancomycin or metronidazole. Patients with a history of allergic reactions to penicillins may have increased sensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.

When treating with the drug for more than 10 days, monitoring of the peripheral blood picture is necessary. During treatment with cefotaxime, it is possible to obtain a false-positive Coombs test and a false-positive urine test for glucose.

During treatment, you should not drink alcohol, since effects similar to those of disulfiram are possible (facial hyperemia, spasms in the abdomen and stomach, nausea, vomiting, headache, decreased blood pressure, tachycardia, shortness of breath).

Drug interactions

Probenecid increases the concentration of the active substance and slows down its excretion. Nephrotoxicity increases with treatment with loop diuretics and aminoglycosides.

It is unacceptable to mix Cefotaxime with other medications in one syringe (with the exception of Novocaine, Lidocaine). NSAIDs and antiplatelet drugs increase the risk of bleeding.

Analogues of the drug Cefotaxime

Analogues are determined by structure:

Cefotaxime sodium (Lek; Sandoz; Vial).
Cefantral.
Intrataxim.
Resibelacta.
Claforan.
Cefotaxime sodium salt.
Clafotaxime.
Liforan.
Oritaxim.
Cetax.
Cephosin.
Cephabol.
Oritax.
Spirosin.
Clafobrine.
Tarcefoxime.
Tirotax.
Kefotex.
Talceph.
Tax-o-bid.

Vacation conditions and price

The average cost of Cefotaxime (1 g bottle) in Moscow is 30 rubles. The drug is sold in pharmacies with a prescription.

The shelf life of the powder is 3 years from the date of manufacture. Do not use a drug that has expired. The solution should be prepared immediately before administration.

An effective semi-synthetic antibacterial agent of the latest generation is the drug “Cefotaxime”. The instructions for use indicate that the injections help against most pathogens, and at the same time are as safe as possible for children. Therefore, pediatricians resort to its help when the presence of an antibiotic in the treatment regimen is required. At the same time, the medicine does not cause gastrointestinal disorders, which is typical for representatives of other subgroups of antibacterial agents.

What is the composition and form

The manufacturer produces the new generation semi-synthetic antibiotic “Cefotaxime” exclusively as a powder, from which a solution for parenteral injection is then prepared - yellowish or whitish, odorless.

Packaging in 10 ml pharmacy bottles. Each package contains 1 fl. The active component of the drug is cefotaxime itself - 500 mg, 1 g or 2 g.

Pharmacological effects

Since the semi-synthetic drug “Cefotaxime”, the instructions for use confirm this, is a prominent representative of third-generation cephalosporins, it is characterized by their main pharmacological effects:

suppress the growth and development of gram-positive as well as gram-negative pathogens;
excreted primarily in urine;
lack of cumulation.

The spectrum of bactericidal activity is observed in relation to:

Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumonia;
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia spp.;
Enterococcus species and Enterobacter spp.;
Escherichia coli and Peptostreptococcus spp.;
Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Klebssiella spp.
Morganella morganii and Streptococcus agalactiae;
Acinetobacter species and Corynebacterium diphtheria;
Erysipelothrix insidiosa and Eubacterium spp.;
Propionibacterium spp. and Bacillus subtilis;
Haemophilus neumonia;
Staphylococcus spp. and Citrobacter spp.;
Proteus mirabilis and Proteus indole;
Proteus vulgaris and Peptococcus spp.;
Clostridium spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
Neisseria meningitides and Providencia spp.;
Fusobacterium spp. and Bacteroides spp.

The drug has pronounced resistance to beta-lactomase of most gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, as well as penecillinase of staphylococci.

Cefotaxime injections: what helps

Specialists select semi-synthetic medications with antibacterial activity for pathologies of an infectious nature:

pleurisy and pneumonia;
bronchitis and abscesses;
endocarditis and septicemia;
bacterial meningitis and postoperative consequences and infectious complications;
foci of infection in soft tissues and bone structures.

For most infectious lesions of the respiratory and digestive structures, the semi-synthetic drug Cefotaxime can have a pronounced bactericidal effect. Therefore, it should only be prescribed by a specialist to avoid undesirable consequences.

The drug "Cefotaxime": instructions for use

Injections

Based on the instructions supplied with each package, it follows that a semi-synthetic drug with a powerful bactericidal effect is administered either intramuscularly - 1-2 g every 4-12 hours, or intravenously in similar doses.

The powder must be diluted with water for injection specially produced by the manufacturer - at a concentration of 1 g per 4 ml. Administration should be carried out slowly - at least 3.5–5 minutes. If a person particularly negatively tolerates the painful sensations accompanying the administration of the medication, it is permissible to dilute the powder with novocaine - in the absence of allergic reactions to it.

For children

The cephalosporin Cefotaxime is also used in pediatric practice:

2–6 times a day, 50–180 mg/kg body weight.

The total duration of the treatment course is determined by a specialist individually.

Absolute and relative contraindications

Most pharmaceutical drugs have long lists of restrictions on their use. However, for a representative of the third generation of cephalosporins, there are only a few absolute and relative contraindications:

individual hyperreaction to the active and auxiliary substances of the drug "Cefotaxime", from which injections can cause side effects;
period of intrauterine formation of the fetus;
presence of enterocolitis in the patient's history;
bleeding.

With extreme caution, the drug is prescribed to people with liver or kidney failure. This requires additional laboratory and instrumental examination.

Side effects

According to reviews, people taking pharmacotherapy with the antibacterial drug Cefotaxime rarely develop complications in the form of local or general reactions to the medication. Thus, when the solution is administered intravenously, phlebitis rarely forms, and when the injection is given intramuscularly, pain and redness of the tissues are noted.

Other undesirable effects:

pseudomembranous colitis;
cholestatic jaundice;
diarrhea syndrome;
dyspepsia – urge to feel sick, vomit;
an increase in transamine concentration in the bloodstream;
hemolytic anemia;
neutropenia or thrombocytopenia.

Cases of allergic reactions such as urticaria, itching, and Quincke's edema were recorded. It is imperative to notify your doctor about all of the above undesirable manifestations. They will undergo correction of pharmacotherapy.

What are the analogues of the drug "Cefotaxime"

Complete analogues for the active substance:

Intrataxim.
Claforan.
Clafotaxime.
Kefotex.
Clafobrine.
Liforan.
Oritaxim.
Oritax.
Spirosin.
Resibelacta.
Tarcefoxime.
Tirotax.
Tax-o-bid.
Talceph.
Cefantral.
Cephosin.
Cetax.
Cephabol.
Cefotaxime sodium.
Cefotaxime Lek (Sandoz; Vial).
Cefotaxime sodium salt.

Price, holiday conditions

Sold according to prescription. The average price of "Cefotaxime" injections (Moscow) reaches 26 rubles per 1 g bottle. In Minsk, pharmacies offer analogues, for example, "Cefotaxime sodium salt" costs 0.8 - 1.6 bp. rubles The price in Kyiv is 60 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan - 85 tenge.

The medicine is classified as an effective new generation of antibiotics. The drug has a wide spectrum of action on many microorganisms and bacteria, and therefore it can be used in the treatment of diseases in many fields of medicine. Moreover, Cefotaxime is not only an effective medicinal substance, but it is also much safer compared to antibiotics of similar action. If you are wondering whether cifotaxime can be used for children, then experts say that the medication is completely suitable for babies, starting from 1 week of life.

Indications for use

Infectious diseases of the respiratory system and ENT diseases
Urogenital infections
Infectious diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Skin infections
Abdominal infections
Infectious wounds and burns
Salmonella.

In addition, Cefatoxime injections are used for preventive purposes after operations in surgery and gynecology. Cefotaxime is also prescribed for the treatment of infectious pathologies that arise due to disruption of the immune system.

Composition of the drug

The active substance is anhydrous cefotaxime; there are no additional components.

Medicinal properties

Cefotaxime has a bactericidal effect, is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, and exhibits resistance to other antibiotics. After administration, it is instantly absorbed and reaches maximum density within half an hour. It is mainly excreted through the kidneys; in older people, the elimination period is longer.

Release forms

Average price: 600 rubles per package

The medication is presented as a dry powder, white in color, and is not available in tablet form. Designed for IV or IM practice. Sold in transparent glass bottles of 500 mg and 1 g, which are in cardboard packaging, with instructions in Russian.

Mode of application

The medication is used intravenously and intramuscularly, both in adults and children.

For pathologies that are uncomplicated, inject or drip the medicine 1 g 2 times a day.

For infectious diseases of moderate severity, for example, sore throat, the dosage is 1-2 g 2 times a day.

During the treatment of severe infectious diseases, the medicine should be injected 2 g 4-6 times a day. The daily dosage is no more than 12 g.

The duration of the treatment course is determined individually.

During surgical operations, a one-time injection is carried out; if necessary, the injection is repeated.

Cefotaxime is prescribed to children depending on the age and weight of the child; the doctor decides how necessary the use of the drug is. For newborns, the dose does not exceed 50 mg/kg 2 times a day. Children from one week to 1 month are prescribed 50 mg/kg every 7-8 hours. For children over 2 years old, 50-180 mg/kg is administered 4-6 times a day. In severe cases, at the discretion of the doctor, the dosage may be increased. Experts determine how many days to take the medication.

How to dilute Cefotaxime:

For intravenous administration, the medicine is mixed with special sterile water and slowly injected into a vein.

For intravenous infusions, the product is combined with a special solvent, using sodium chloride solution or glucose. The diluted medicine is dripped over an hour.

To give intramuscular injections, Cefotaxime is diluted with novocaine or lidocaine; for this, 4 ml of novocaine or lidocaine is needed per 1 g of powder.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy, Cefotaxime injections are contraindicated. If the question arises whether it is possible to use cifotaxime while breastfeeding, it is best to consult a specialist. As a rule, it is better not to use the medicine during lactation. If it is necessary to use it, it is recommended to discontinue feeding.

Contraindications and precautions

Injections with Cifotaxime are prohibited for the following indications:

Pregnancy
Intramuscular administration to children under 2.5 years of age
Excessive sensitivity to drug substances.

Patients with chronic renal failure and patients with ulcerative colitis should take antibiotics very carefully.

In the first days after injections of the drug, pseudomembranous colitis may occur, accompanied by severe diarrhea. In this case, the antibiotic is not canceled, but the necessary treatment is prescribed in parallel.

In certain cases, an increase in temperature may be observed at the initial stage of treatment.

People with a high sensitivity to penicillins may experience an allergy to injections of the medication.

If therapy lasts more than 10 days, blood counts should be monitored.

During treatment it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol. Since it can affect the development of adverse reactions, as well as cause an attack of tachycardia, severe vomiting, lowering blood pressure, swelling of the skin, etc.

Cross-drug interactions

When taken simultaneously with nephrotic medications, kidney function should be monitored.

Compatibility with other antibiotics in the same syringe or dropper is not allowed.

Cefotaxime is eliminated slowly when combined with drugs that block tubular secretion.

There is a risk of bleeding when co-administered with NSAIDs.

Side effects

Among the undesirable reactions, the following reactions are most often recorded:

From the central nervous system: headaches, dizziness, loss of coordination, convulsions, blood pressure surges
From the genitourinary system: kidney dysfunction, stagnation of urine, the appearance of thrush
From the digestive tract: attacks of nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, stool upset, bloating, liver dysfunction, various types of colitis, etc.
From the circulatory system: development of anemia, leukopenia, thrombosis
From the heart and blood vessels: after injection into a vein, with rapid administration, arrhythmia may develop, which can be life-threatening.

In addition, Cefotaxime can cause an allergic reaction, which is fraught with skin rashes, itching, and bronchospasm. After administration, the antibiotic can also provoke anaphylactic shock and angioedema. Local manifestations often include pain at the site of intravenous or intramuscular injection. In laboratory tests, after injections of this antibiotic, you can notice changes in the blood.

Overdose

If the dosage is exceeded, the following manifestations are possible:

Convulsions
Development of encephalopathy, with a diagnosis of renal failure
Tremor
Signs of fever
Temporary hearing loss
Loss of coordination.

Storage conditions

Cefotaxime can be stored at room temperature for no more than 2 years. The shelf life is 2 years, after its expiration it is prohibited to use the medicine.

Analogs

Kefotex

Jepupk International, India
Price from 150 to 250 rubles

Kefotex is a modern new generation antibiotic. Prescribed for many bacterial infections, in urology and gynecological practice, for respiratory tract infections, sepsis, burns and purulent wounds. It is also effective for ENT pathologies, especially sore throat, gastrointestinal ailments, and skin infections. The form of the drug is a white powder intended for preparing a solution.

Pros:

Wide range of effects
Quick effect
Can be used in pediatrics.

Minuses:

Lots of side effects
Pain at the injection site.

Rocephin

F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Switzerland
Price from 500 to 800 rubles

Rocephin is a Swiss medicine, the active ingredient is ceftriaxone disodium salt. It is produced in powder form and sold with an additional solution - lidocaine. Prescribed for infectious diseases caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Well absorbed, not compatible with alcohol. It is recommended to use it for no more than 7-10 days; it can be purchased with a prescription.

Pros:

Increased degree of purification
Quickly eliminated from the body
Very effective.

Minuses:

High price
Contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Cefotaxime is a popular antibacterial drug because it has a fairly wide range of effects on various infectious agents. It belongs to cephalosporin antibiotics and represents the third generation of such drugs. Due to its rapid destruction in the digestive tract, it is released only in injection form. The medication is in demand in the treatment of adults with otitis, sinusitis, urethritis and other diseases, and is also widely used in pediatrics.

Release form

Cefotaxime is produced by many pharmaceutical companies from Russia, India, Belarus and China. Sometimes the name of a medicine contains an abbreviation or an additional word that indicates the manufacturer, for example, “Cefotaxime-Vial” is a product of the Russian company “Vial”, “Cefotaxime-LEKSVM” is a product of the company “Protek-SVM”, and “Cefotaxime-Promed” is produced Indian company "Promed Exports". However, all of these medications are similar because they contain the same ingredient and come in the same dosage form.

The drug is an odorless powder placed in transparent glass bottles sealed with rubber stoppers. It is usually white in color, but may also have a slight yellowish tint. Bottles of powder can be sold individually or in packages of 5 and 10 bottles. Some manufacturers additionally place a solvent in the box - 5 ml ampoules of a clear solution.

Compound

The main and only ingredient of the medicine is also called cefotaxime. It comes in powder form as a sodium salt. The dosage of such a substance in one bottle in terms of anhydrous cefotaxime is 500 mg or 1 g (some manufacturers also have 250 mg bottles). There are no other components in the preparation.

The solvent for Cefotaxime, which is sometimes found in packaging along with bottles of powder, is sterile water.

Operating principle

The drug is capable of destroying many types of harmful bacteria, since under the influence of cefotaxime the processes of wall synthesis in microbial cells are disrupted, as a result of which the pathogen dies. The injections are effective against different types of Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Enterobacter, Streptococcus, Moraxella, Klebsiella, Neisseria and many other microorganisms. However, some clostridia, listeria, bacteroides, enterococci and pseudomonads are resistant to them. Cefotaxime does not work against viruses, fungi and protozoa.

Indications

The reasons for prescribing Cefotaxime to a child are:

pneumonia, bronchitis, or other bacterial infection in the respiratory tract;
acute otitis media;
sinusitis or other sinusitis;
urinary tract infection;
bacterial damage to soft tissues and skin (including burns and wounds);
meningitis;
peritonitis;
osteomyelitis;
endocarditis;
other infectious diseases.

The medication can also be prescribed prophylactically if the patient is about to undergo surgery, for example, on the intestines or kidneys. Sometimes ENT doctors prescribe dripping such an antibiotic into the nose (for purulent adenoiditis, sinusitis or rhinitis), but most experts consider this use of the drug unjustified, since there are more effective and safe local remedies.

At what age is it prescribed?

Cefotaxime can be prescribed to children from birth, but intramuscular injections of such an antibiotic using Lidocaine as a solvent are contraindicated until 2.5 years of age. As for intravenous injections, they are allowed at any age, but they are prescribed to newborns with extreme caution.

Contraindications

The drug should not be used in children intolerant to cefotaxime or any other cephalosporin antibiotic. In case of an allergic reaction to penicillins or carbapenems, this medication is used under the supervision of a doctor, as a cross-reaction is possible. Children with ulcerative colitis or serious kidney disease also require caution in treatment with Cefotaxime.

Side effects

Some young patients react to the injections with an allergic reaction. This may be urticaria, itchy skin, bronchospasm, increased levels of eosinophils in the blood, fever or other manifestations of allergies. When treated with Cefotaxime, there are also negative symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract, for example, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence or diarrhea. In addition, the drug can provoke colitis, jaundice, dysbiosis or candidiasis.

Occasionally, after administration of the medicine, headaches, kidney problems, a decrease in the number of blood cells, arrhythmias and other problems appear.

Instructions for use

The drug can be prescribed both intravenously and intramuscularly. Before use, the powder is diluted with sterile water (for intravenous injections), glucose or sodium chloride solution (for intravenous droppers), Lidocaine or Novocaine (for intramuscular injections). For jet injections, take 4 ml of water per 1 g of powder into a vein, for drip infusions - 40-100 ml of liquid per 1-2 g of medicine, and for injections into muscle tissue, dilute 4 ml of anesthetic per 1 g of cefotaxime.

The choice of dose, route of administration and frequency of injections is influenced by the severity of the infectious disease and the condition of the sick child. For newborns, the medicine is prescribed at 50 mg/kg per day - this amount of antibiotic is divided into 2-4 injections. If the infection is severe, the daily dosage may increase to 150-200 mg per 1 kg.

For children over 1 month to 12 years of age (if their weight is less than 50 kg), Cefotaxime is prescribed at a rate of 100-150 mg/kg. This daily dose is divided into two to four injections. Patients over 12 years old and weighing more than 50 kg, depending on the disease, are prescribed two or three injections per day of 1-2 grams of cefotaxime. The medication is administered every 8-12 hours and, if necessary, its dosage is increased. The duration of treatment is determined individually, but is usually 7-10 days.

Overdose

An excessive dose of Cefotaxime can provoke seizures, brain damage, neuromuscular irritability or tremors.

Since there is no antidote to such an antibiotic, symptomatic treatment is used in case of overdose.

Drug interactions

If you combine Cefotaxime injections with treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antiplatelet agents, this will increase the risk of bleeding. When prescribed with some diuretics and any aminoglycosides, the negative effect on the kidneys increases. When used with drugs that block tubular secretion, the plasma concentration of cefotaxime will increase and its elimination will slow down, which may increase adverse reactions.

Terms of sale and storage

"Cefotaxime" is classified as a prescription drug, so before purchasing such a medicine you need to see a doctor. The price of the medicine is influenced by the manufacturing company, the dosage of the antibiotic and the number of bottles in the box. On average, one bottle costs 20-30 rubles.

It is necessary to store sealed bottles at home at a temperature of up to 25 degrees Celsius, placing the medicine in a place hidden from small children. The shelf life of the powder is 2 years.

The prepared solution can be stored in the refrigerator for no longer than 12 hours, but it is better to prepare it fresh for the next injection.